Machine for making disks for harrows



(No Model!) 2 Shets-Sheet 1. W. .LH GAN.

MACHINE FOR MAKING DISKS FOR HARROWS. No. 388,561. Patented Aug. 28, 1888.

l I 1% WI 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 W. J, HOGAN;

MAGHINE FOR MAKING DISKS FOR HARROWS.

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Patented Aug. 28, 1888,

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' UNITED STATES WILLIAM J.

PATENT OFFICE.

HOGAN, OF JoHNsTowN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE OAMBRIA IRON COMPANY, OF PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR MAKING DlSKS FOR HARROWS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 388,561, dated August 28, 1888.

Application filed May ll, 1888. Serial No. 273,594. (No model.) i

To. aZZ whom, it may concern;

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM J. HOGAN, of Johnstown, in thecounty of Gambria and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new 5 and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Disks for Harrows; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improved apparatus for the manufacture of disks for harrows.

In implements of this typea series of circular dished plates of metal are arranged to rer volve upon central bearings. These supporting-journals are so curved upon a hollow frame as to present the peripheral edges of the con'- cavo-convex disks at a proper angle to the surface of the ground they are intended to pulverize toinsure effective action of the same, the disks being intended to take the place of the teeth of an ordinary harrow.

In order to render the operation of the harrow-disks effective, it is necessary that their 2 edges should be beveled to sharpen them, and it is important that these peripheral edges should be retained in a sharpened condition.

As heretofore constructed, the disks of harrows have been first cut into circular form 0 from a flat plate of rolled metal in-a cold condition. These circular blanks are then heated and dished, or rendered concavo-convex, by placing them between dies in a drop-press or under a drophammer. They arethen finished 3 5 upon their edges cold by chucking them in a lathe to true up and bevel their edges, thus rendering them of the same diameter and sharpening them.

The method of manufactering harrow-disks asjust described involves machine-work that is slow of execution, and therefore expensive. Thefinished disks are soft on theiredges. Gonseqnently they rapidly become dulled in use and are rendered comparatively inefficient in 5 service' The object of myprescut invention is to cheapen the cost of dished barrow-disks by more rapid production of the same.

A further object is to provide an improved machine by the use of which the circular blanks of plate metal are rapidly and truly beveled upon their peripheral edges to sharpen them, and at the same time render the material dense by a rolling compression of said edges during the operation of beveling and 5 sharpening them,the consolidation of the edges thus affected rendering them hard and durable.

With these objects in view my invention consists in an improved construction and combination of parts of a device for the manufacture of disks for harrows which will operate in a rapid and superior manner, as will be hereinafter described,and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l represents a side elevation in perspective of my improved machine for roll-swaging the circumference of the barrow-disks to consolidate the metal and produce beveled sharp peripheral edges thereon. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device for beveling the edges of harrow-disks. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the diskswagingmachine. Figs. 4. and 5 are detached views of important details. Figs. 6 and 7 are views in section of modified forms of rolls, showing different methods of constructing the same to afford a coniform terminal to one roll and lock the two rolls from lost motion endwise with regard to each other. a

A represents the bed-piece or frame of the machine, preferably made of cast-iron, rectangular in form, and provided with support inglegs A, which are attached upon its under side at each end.

Upon the top surface, at one end of the frame A, a headstock, B, is affixed by boltconnections. This consists ofa base-plate,upon which are integrally mounted the upright brackets or-housings B B B. The main housings B B are of a suitable height and width, 0 and are located a proper distance apart, so as to admit of the insertion and revolublo support of two shafts, E E,which latter are journaled in boxes adjustably secured in a manner to afford the shafts a correct separation and par- 5 allelism of their axes. I

At the rear end of the head-stock B the bracket or housing B is located. This isof such a height as to admit a single journal-box in which the rearwardly-extended end of the ICC lower shaft, E, is supported and adapted to revolve when actuated by power applied through a belt-connection of the pulley F, which latter is affixed to the end of the shaft E, projecting outside of the housing 13', as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Between the housings B B two spur gearwheels, D D, areloeated. These are mounted upon and secured to the shafts E E, respectively, and are of such diameter as to permit their teeth to have meshing contact. The other ends of the parallel shafts E E are extended outside of the housing B and give support to the short cylindrical rolls 0 O, which are firmly keyed or otherwise affixed in place upon these shafts, respectively as named.

The top roll, 0, is rendered true upon its outer surface considered radially from theaxis of the shaft E. This surface is diametrically enlarged near its center of length between the points 6 and 7, (see Fig. 1,) and from the point 7 to the outer end, 8, theperipheral surface is tapered or rendered slightly conical. The body of the roll 0 between the shoulders 6 and 7 is tapered slightly toward the housing B, and from the shoulder 6, which is nearest this housing, the roll 0 is reduced to form a cylindrical hub, 10, which has revoluble con tact with the housingbox to which it is adjacent.

The lower roll, G, is provided with a cylindrical portion, 0, which is of the same length as the conically-tapered portion of the upper roll, 0, opposite to it, so that the shoulder or square offset produced at the point 7 on these two rolls will have a rolling contact with each other.

From the point6 to point 8 the lower roll, G, is oppositely tapered to exactly conform to the tapered surface of the upper roll, 0, and from point 6 to the inner end of the roll 0 the body of this roll is reduced to form a cylindrical hub similar to the hub 10 on the upper roll.

The revoluble contact of the tapered mid dle portion of the two rolls 0 G and the moving abutment of the shoulders formed on these rolls at the point 7 will lock the rolls from lost motion endwise, and, owing to the outer tapered end of the roll 0 having contact with the cylindrical portion 0 of the lower roll, 0, at the point 9, it is apparent that a wedgeshaped opening will be afforded between the surfaces of the ends 'of the rolls.

Upon the top surface of the frame A of the machine,justin advance of the rolls 0 O, a saddle-block, L, is mounted and affixed in position. On the end t of this block a cylindrical enlargement is located, it forming the base of the vertically-projecting stud M.

The lever P is provided with an enlarged oblong boss, r, that is perforated vertically at its rear end, this hole being of proper diameter to admit the insertion of the stud M, upon which the lever P may be vibrated laterally. The leverP is furnished with a handle, It, at its free outer end, and also has a depending bracket-arm, i, formed integral with it, this arm 2' being bifurcated at its lower end to re ceive a small wheel, 10, adapted to revolve freely between the forked ends of the arm and rest upon the top surface of-the bed-plate or frame A of the machine.

A second perforation, p, (see Fig. 4,) is made vertically through the boss r parallel to the stud M, and nearer the outer end of the boss r a hole is formed, it being adapted to receive the standing boltx. (See Fig. 1, the hole being shown in dotted lines.)

On the top surface of the boss 0* the lower plate of the mat ed clamping-flanges H H is seated. A cross section of these flanges, taken through their center, is shown in Fig. 5. It will be seen that the inner adjacent faces of the flanges H H are grooved concentrically to reduce the surface of contact.

Both of the flanges are centrallyperforated, and the lower one, H, is recessed or counterborcd from its top face downward a short dis tance to allow the collar 2, formed integrally with the standing bolt x, to seat itself in this recess. The length of the bolta; is so proportioned to the thickness of the flange H' and bossr, formed on the lever P, that when the parts are assembled and a nut, 00, adjusted upon the threaded lower end of the bolt 00, so as to bear against the inner shouldered termination of this thread, the flange H will be held in place, and yet be permitted to rotate freely upon the bolt 01; as a pivot. The standing bolt 50 has an integral cylindrical end, 3 formed on it, which projects vertically a short distance above the collar 2. The central hole made in the top flange, H, is of a size to loosely t the end y of the bolt as, so that a doweland-socket connection is thus produced between the top and bottom circular clamping flanges, H H.

Upon the surface of the lever P a bracket arm, Q, is mounted. This arm is rigidly secured by bolts 2' to the lever near its handle and extends upwardly to a point, 2' where it is bent to lie parallel to the lever P and extend forwardly to a point, 0, where it is again bent upwardly to engage with its bifurcated end 0 the body of the handle-bar J. The bar J extends forward from the end 0 to be pivotally connected to-the swivel-bolt h, that enters the central perforation of the top clamping flange, H, which latter has a hub, a, formed on its top surface, that affords a means of connection to the bolt h loosely to this flange H by the insertion of two set-screws, q q, at opposite points, through the side walls of the collar. Their ends will enter a groove formed in the swivel-bolt, and thus permit the flange H to revolve on the swivel-bolt,while it is pre vented from vertical displacement, so that the vertical vibration of the handle-bar J upon its fulcrum 0 will raise the top clamping-flange, H, and clear it from its engagement with the dowel-pin y.

A handle, Z, is provided for the bar J, and at a point, 0, a spiral spring, 0, is introduced and held in place by a bolt, 0', the action of the spring having tendency to raise the handlebar J and clamp the top flange, II, upon the lower flange, H, or anything introduced between them.

Between the lever P and attached bracket Q a sliding block,s,is located. This is adapted to have areciprocal movement on its seat,and at its rear edge the spring u is introduced, this spring encircling a bolt, V, that extends from the rear edge of the block 8 and passes through the vertical portion ofthe bracket Q, the projecting end, 1), being threaded to receive an adjusting-nut, by which the position of the sliding block 8 may be adjusted toward or from the clamping-flanges H H, as may be required. The body of the block s is cutaway from the front edge to afford space for the introduction and support of the thimbles T T, which are placed'upou the bolt T, and thus held loosely to permit their revolution thereon. The adjacent edges of the thimbles T T are cut away slantingly to produce a V-shaped groove at their point of contact. The relative height of the top face of thelower clampingflange, H, from the supporting-surface of the frame A is such in relation to the line of contact between the two rolls 0 O that this face will lie in the same horizontal plane with the top surface of the ad acent cylindrical end of the lower roll, 0, as shown in Fig. 1. By the provisionjust mentioned the lower clampingflange, H, will retain a disk or blank clamped upon it in such a horizontal plane as to enter the edge of such a circular plate or disk, if of proper diameter, flatwise between the opposite surfaces of the'end of the top and bottom rolls, C C

In operation a disk, I, that has been pre viously heated evenly throughout its body, is introduced between the clamping-flanges H H,these flangeshaving first been moved apart, as shown in Fig. 5, to carry them out of axial line with the rolls 0 G, which will permit the upper flange to be raised by the handle-bar J. The blank disks I have a central perforation made through them of a proper diameter to permit them to fit the vertical dowel'pin 1, which is the upper end of the standing bolt on, and on insertion of a'disk between the clamping-flanges H H the pin y is made to enter the hole in the center of the disk. A release of the handle-bar J will clamp the two flanges forcibly together by the expanding of the previously-compressedspringc. ThediskIisnow in position with its edge protruding concentric with the peripheries of the clamping flanges H H. Motion is now communicated to the pulley F, which is rotated in the direc tion indicated by the arrow on its face. (See Fig. 1.) The revolution of the lower shaft,E, and its attached roll 0 will cause the upper shaft, E, and roll 0 to rotate with equal speed in an opposite direction, so that the rolls 0 0 move rapidly toward each other, as shown by arrowsontheirfaces. Theclampedharrow-disk I is now moved laterally by swinging the handle k of the lever P, and the edge and narrow peripheral portion of the body of the disk is thus brought into contact with the revolving rolls 0 O. The position of the grooved thinr bles T T is such with regard to that of the clamped disk I that its edge will bear loosely within the V-groove formed on these thimbles at the apex of its angle, and the strength of the spring a is so proportioned that it will afford a proper support to the block S, and consequently to the revolving edge of the disk I, when the machine is in operation. As the handle is held by the operator. to keep the edge of the disk I in proper contact with the revolving rolls 0 0', these rolls will speedily reduce the edge and cause it to conform to the wedge shaped space between them, so as to bevel or taper the same to a thin sharp edge. A rapid rotation of the clamped barrow-disk I, resulting from the enforced introduction of its edge betweenthe rolls,will render the thinned edge uniformly true. The thinning of the edge of the barrow-disk I by the rolls 0 G has a tendency to consolidatethe same and partially cool it, and when the disk-edges are rolled to a finish the surface is chilled by the contact of the metalsurfaces of these rolls,and a stiff scale is formed,that will resist wear and render the disks more durable.

In order to remove the fin edges from the disks while they are being rolled, as j ust described, a vibrating forked arm, 18, is supported to rock upon the bracket R, which is affixed to the side of the frame A, (see Fig. 3,) and upon the upper end of the arm 12 a short shaft is revolubly mounted. The shaft has a tapering emery-wheel or grindstone, K, attached to its inner end in such a position as to come in contact with the lower side of the revolving disk I, the taper of the emery-wheel or stone K corresponding to the short bevel produced by the lower roll,0', upon the lower surface of the disk at its extreme edge.

A rotation of the emery-wheelor stone K is .effected by a pulley, 3, placed on the opposite end ofthe shaft on which the wheel K is mounted, and a belt (not shown) transmits motion from a lower pulley-shaft mounted in the bracket R and receives motion from some adequate source by means of belt attachment to the pulley 4, mounted on the outer end of the latter-named shaft.

The action of the emery-wheel K, it should be understood, is not intended to grind away any of the surface produced by the rolling compression and consolidation of the edges of the barrow-disks I, but merely to remove ac cidental inequalities and burrs produced there- IIO on by the contact therewith of the re-enforce thimbles T T, these being necessary to relieve the center hole of strain and steady the action of the rolls.

The concentric grooving of the clampingfaces H H affords a more secure bite of the plates upon the interposed disks I, and also by reducing the surface of the contact of these faces with the hot disks will prevent an undue absorption of the contained heat of the disks while undergoing the edging process, so that suflieient heat will remain in the body of the disks after removal from the edging-machine to allow them to be dished under a drop-hammer or in a press by suitable dies without a re newal of heat, as such a renewal would destroy the rolled temper given the edge of the disks, and thus vitiate the good results derived from the rolling consolidation of these edges in the manner hereinbefore set forth.

I do not wish to limit myself to the exact construction of the rolls 0 0 shown in Figs. 1 and 2, as the form of these rolls may he varied and still obtain the same result in regard to effieiency of action. In Figs. 6 and 7 are shown modified forms of the rolls, which may be employed, if preferred. The view given in Fig. 6 shows the rolls constructed with daplicated ends, so that when one end of the two rolls becomes worn and irregularor rough from hard usage the rolls may be reversed and the opposite ends put into service. Other minor changes of construction might be made Wilhout a departure from the spirit of my invention; hence Ldo not wish to limit myself to the exact form shown; but,

Having fully described my invention,whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a set of rolls, of clamping plates and a device for automatic ally clamping said plates upon a disk, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a set of rolls, of a lever, (limping-plates revolubly supported therein, one of said plates being spring-actuated, and a springactuated sliding block adapted to slide in the lever, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a set of rolls, of a laterally-swinging lever, clamping-plates revolubly supported in the short arm of the lever in order that the position of the plates relativeto the rolls may be varied,and a spri ugactnated block adapted to slide in the lever, said block having rollers therein adapted to bear yieldingly against the periphery ofa disk held by the clamping plates, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with a set of rolls, of a lever pivotally supported on a fixed block, a spring-actuated lever pivoted on said lever, and clamping-plates revolubly supported on each of the levers, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with a frame, housings mounted on this frame, and boxes adjusted to play in these housings, of two shafts that are geared to revolve toward each other, and a rollhead secured to each shaft, these rolls being formed with duplieateshaped ends to permit their reversal and the use of either set of the roll-head ends, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with a frame, asaddleblock secured to this frame, a lever pivoted upon the saddle-block so as to swing sidewise, and two mated clamping-plates revolubly sup ported by the pivoted lever near its fulcrumpoint, of a bracketarm attached to the top face ofthe swinging lever loy one end, and a handlebar pivoted to the other end of this bracketarm and pivotally attached to the upper bifurcated end of a bolt which is swivel-connected to the top clamping-plate by its other or lower end, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with a clamping-plate supported to revolve on the end of a lever and having its top face grooved concentrically to reduce its bearing surface, of another clamping-plate similarly grooved and loosely connected to a handle bar by aswivel-bolt, which allows the upper clamping-plate to rotate with the lower end and be vertically moved by a handlebar, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with two rolls supported and adapted to rotate toward each other, the ends of which are formed to roll a beveled edge upon an inserted flat circular metal plate, of a pair of clamping-plates that are held from a lateral displacement of their edges and are adapted to clamp a metal disk between them, and grooved thimbles which are supported to rotate and are by spring action caused to bear against the revolving edge of a clamped disk at a point opposite the axial centers of the rolls, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with a frame, a saddleblock, a lever pivoted on the saddle-block and provided with a depending arm and its pivoted roller or wheel that bears upon the upper face of the frame, and a pair of mated clamping-plates that are prevented from edgewise displacement and are adapted to clamp a harrow-disk between them, of a bracket-arm that is attached to the top surface of the pivoted lever, a handlebar pivoted to the bracketarm, a sliding block, a spiral spring that bears against the sliding block. grooved thimbles revolubly mounted on the sliding block, a swivel-bolt that connects the top clampingplate with the handle-bar, and a spring which presses the top' plate toward the lower plate, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with a pair of rolls supported and rotated toward each other, which are shaped to produce a beveled edge on a harrow-disk, of two clampingplates which are adapted to clamp the body of a metal disk concentric with their edges and present its periphery to the adjacent faces of two revolving rolls, and a milling or grinding device that is supported to engage the beveled edge of this disk and remove slight inequalities from it while it is being rotated, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

\VILLIAM J. HOGAN.

\Vitnesses:

GYRUs ELDER, SIDNEY POSTLETHWAITE. 

